> If each side really knew the true strength of the other side, it would be clear which would win
This is too simplistic. Often wars are heavily influenced by things other than just the strengths of both sides. For example - What if the ground hadn't been soaked from days of rain at Agincourt and Waterloo? What if the Germans hadn't held back their armor reinforcements for so long on D-Day?
They'd still lose. Wars are fought not from individual battles but from logistics. Modern military's don't even engage if there isn't a lopsided power imbalance favoring their success.
Look at the orders of magnitudes differences in casualties in desert storm, iraq, and afghanistan. When Americans battle they ensure they have a massive power advantage for every fight and this is abundantly clear just from the casualty data. Even if the other side engages first like in desert storm, Americans ensure that they don't land boots unless they have a tactical advantage which they had in Desert Storm thanks to technology that Saddam and his army, which was one of the largest and experienced land forces in the world at the time, could not begin to compete with.
In real life the battle of mogadishu saw Americans with 10x fewer casualties. Most modern battles have numbers like this with an order of magnitude fewer casualties on the American side, because American logistic planners try to ensure a massive power advantage.
This is too simplistic. Often wars are heavily influenced by things other than just the strengths of both sides. For example - What if the ground hadn't been soaked from days of rain at Agincourt and Waterloo? What if the Germans hadn't held back their armor reinforcements for so long on D-Day?