It builds on top of Nx, Numerical Elixir, which allows for models to be compiled for cpu or gpu. Done this way, the model does not have to run by executing BEAM bytecode. Additionally, Liveview and Livebook enables the equivalent of Jupyter notebooks. All of this has been happening for the past couple years.

The advantage here is data being fed into the model can use frameworks like Broadway (streaming ingestion) or Membrane (realtime media streaming), or Nerves (BEAM at edge / IoT), or as a controller for unreliable agents.