At Open Science Summit 2010, there were a few individuals proposing some prize funds and reforming the patent system. The transcripts are a little rough (I was typing), but here goes..

Knowledge Ecology International: http://diyhpl.us/wiki/transcripts/open-science-summit-2010/j... .. where he talks about an "open source dividend".

Health Impact Fund: http://diyhpl.us/wiki/transcripts/open-science-summit-2010/a...